::: {.cell hash='02_R_introduction_cache/pdf/unnamed-chunk-41_efe0d0abc14e5db2630b1adda55bfb98'}

```{.r .cell-code}
sqrt( as.complex(-1) )
```

::: {.cell-output .cell-output-stdout}
```
[1] 0+1i
```
:::
:::