CS3411
Advanced Knowledge Based Systems
1999-2000 session
Lecturer: Enrico Franconi
Assessment: 2 hours examination (75%) + an individual class exercise (25%)
Aims and objectives
By the end of this module students will have acquired a method for
designing knowledge bases and knowledge based systems and agents. The
emphasis will be on a rigorous approach to knowledge representation
and building ontologies. It is assumed that students are already
familiar with the elements of logics and artificial intelligence.
The course is divided in three major parts. The first part of the
course will review the basic concepts of classical first order
predicate logic, and will give the student the ability to model
reality using classical logic. At the end of the first part there will
be an assessed class exercise.
The second part briefly surveys the standard technologies for
ontological engineering and knowledge representation, reviewed from a
logical perspective.
The third part of the course will present the most popular logic-based
knowledge representation formalism, namely Description Logics. The
simplest Description Logic will be deeply analysed from the logical
point of view. Several extensions and uses of Description Logics will
be briefly introduced at the end.
Illustrations of practical examples will be given.
Reading List
- Main reference book:
- "Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach", (parts I &
III) by Stuart Russell and Peter Norvig, Prentice Hall, 1995
- Additional readings from the following collections:
- Part on propositional and first order logic (use one of the
following):
- "Logic", Schaum's Outlines by J. Nolt, D. Rohatyn, and A. Varzi,
McGraw-Hill, 1998
- "Introduction to Mathematical Logic", by Elliott Mendelson,
Chapman & Hall, 1997
- "Mathematical Logic", by H.D. Ebbinghaus, J. Flum, and W. Thomas,
Springer-Verlag, 1984
- "A Mathematical Introduction to Logic", by Herbert Enderton,
Academic Press, 1972
- Part on Description Logics:
-
H. J. Levesque and
R. J. Brachman. Expressiveness and tractability in knowledge
representation and reasoning. Computational Intelligence journal 3,
78-93 (1987) [paper version available].
- B. Nebel. Reasoning and Revision in Hybrid
Representation Systems. Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence
422, Springer-Verlag, 1990. Chapters 1 - 6.
- Woods, W., Schmolze, J.,
`The KL-ONE Family', Computers and Mathematics with Applications,
special issue: Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence, Vol 2-5,
pp 133-177, 1992 [paper version available].
-
Donini, F., Lenzerini,
M., Nardi, D., Schaerf, A., `Reasoning
in Description Logics', in: Principles of Knowledge Representation
and Reasoning, edited by G. Brewka; Studies in Logic, Language and
Information, CLSI Publications, pp 193-238, 1996.
-
Brachman, R., McGuinness,
D., Patel-Schneider, P., Resnick, L., Borgida, A.. Living with
CLASSIC: When and how to use a KL-ONE-like language. In: Principles of
Semantic Networks, edited by John Sowa, Morgan Kaufmann, 1991
[paper version available].
- Enrico Franconi. A complete
course on Description Logics.
- Additional optional readings:
- "Principles of Semantic Networks: Explorations in the
Representation of Knowledge", by John Sowa (Editor), Morgan Kaufman,
1991
- "Semantic Networks in Artificial Intelligence", by Fritz Lehmann
(Editor), Pergamon Press, 1992
- "Readings in Knowledge Representation", by Ronald Brachman and
Hector Levesque (Editors), Morgan Kaufman, 1985
- "Inheritance Hierarchies in KR and programming Languages", by
Maurizio Lenzerini, Daniele Nardi, and Maria Simi (Editors), Wiley,
1991
Syllabus
- Part on propositional and first order logic
- Agents that Reason Logically
- Representation, Reasoning, and Logic
- Foundations of Propositional Logic
- Deduction in Propositional Logic
- Foundations of First Order Logic
- Using First Order Logic
- Part on Description Logics
- Knowledge Representation at work: Description Logics
- Structural Description Logics
- The need for a Logic
- Examples from Object-Oriented languages
- The simplest Structural Description Logic: FL-
- Propositional Description Logics
- Adding Expressivity to Description Logics
- Instances and Knowledge Bases
- Reasoning with Knowledge Bases
Lectures and course slides
Thursday, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15,
Thursday, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14.
(Spare slot: Monday, 13:00-14:00, Room LF15)
- Tuesday, 28 September, 14:00-15:00, Room LF14
Introductory
lecture: Agents that Reason Logically
- Thursday, 30 September, 12:00-13:00, Room LF15
Foundations
of Propositional Logic
- Thursday, 7 October, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Foundations of Propositional Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 7 October, 12:00-13:00, Room LF15
Deduction
in Propositional Logic
- Thursday, 14 October, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Deduction in Propositional Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 14 October, 12:00-13:00, Room LF15
Foundations
of First Order Logic
- Thursday, 21 October, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Foundations of First Order Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 21 October, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Foundations of First Order Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 28 October, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Foundations of First Order Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 28 October, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Foundations of First Order Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 11 November, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Using
First Order Logic
- Thursday, 11 November, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Using First Order Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 18 November: no lecture
- Thursday, 18 November: no lecture
- Monday, 22 November, 13:00-14:00, Room LF15
Individual class exercise (assessed),
on propositional and first order logic.
- Thursday, 25 November, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Using First Order Logic (cont.)
- Thursday, 25 November, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Introduction
to Structural Description Logics
- Thursday, 2 December, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Correction of the class exercise
- Thursday, 2 December, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Introduction to Structural Description Logics (cont.)
- Monday, 6 December, 13:00-14:00, Room LF15
The minimal Structural Description Logic FL-
- Thursday, 9 December, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
The minimal Structural Description Logic FL- (cont.)
- Thursday, 9 December, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Propositional
Description Logics
- Thursday, 16 December, 9:00-10:00, Room LF15
Propositional Description Logics (cont.)
- Thursday, 16 December, 12:00-13:00, Room LF14
Knowledge Bases in
Description Logics
Resources
- A glossary
for first order logic
- cardTAP:
an online propositional logic reasoner
- Bertrand,
a tableaux based prover for propositional and first order
logic for the Macintosh. Ideal to learn: it shows the proof tree.
franconi@cs.man.ac.uk